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Brussels, Jan. 26 – The European Commission has launched a new formal investigation into social media platform X under the Digital Services Act (DSA), while expanding an existing probe into the company’s compliance with EU recommender-system rules.
In a press release Monday, the Commission said the new investigation will assess whether X adequately evaluated and mitigated risks linked to the deployment of its Grok AI functionalities in the European Union. The scrutiny includes potential risks involving the spread of illegal content, such as manipulated sexually explicit images, including material that could amount to child sexual abuse content.
Grok has faced growing criticism following reports that it was used to generate allegedly illegal sexual material.
The Commission also widened a separate case opened in December 2023 examining X’s management of risks related to its recommender systems. The expanded probe will review the platform’s recently announced shift to a Grok-based recommender system and its broader compliance obligations under the DSA.
EU officials said they will continue gathering evidence through additional requests for information, interviews, and possible inspections. The Commission warned it may impose interim measures if there are no meaningful adjustments to X’s services. Under the DSA, companies found in breach can face fines of up to 6 percent of their global annual turnover.
In December 2025, the Commission issued its first non-compliance decision under the DSA, fining X 120 million euros for violations, including the deceptive design of its blue checkmark.